Bearings are an important part of machinery and equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce the friction coefficient during its movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy. So how is the bearing processed?

Basic process of bearing manufacturing and processing:

(Focusing on the basic process of ring manufacturing, the material is high-carbon chromium bearing steel Gcr15SiMn)

1. The basic process of manufacturing rolling elements (steel balls): raw materials-cold heading-smooth grinding-heat treatment-hard grinding-primary grinding-appearance-fine grinding

2. The basic process of manufacturing cage (steel plate): raw material-cutting material-cutting ring-finishing-forming-shaping-punching rivet

3. The basic manufacturing process of bearing ring (inner ring and outer ring): raw materials-forging-annealing-turning-quenching-tempering-grinding-assembly

(1) Forging processing: Forging processing is the initial processing in bearing ring processing, also known as rough processing. The main purpose of forging bearing ring is: (a) Obtaining blanks similar to the shape of the product, thereby improving the utilization rate of metal materials, saving raw materials, reducing the amount of machining, and reducing costs.(b) Eliminate the internal defects of the metal, improve the metal structure, make the metal flow line distribution reasonable, improve the metal tightness, so as to improve the service life of the bearing. Forging method: Generally, it is processed on a production line composed of induction heating furnace, press, reaming machine and shaping machine.

(2) Annealing: The main purpose of ring annealing is: the spheroidizing annealing of high-carbon chromium bearing steel is to obtain the structure of fine, small, uniform and round carbide particles uniformly distributed on the ferrite matrix for the next cold working and final quenching and tempering.

Basic process of Gcr15SiMn annealing : heat preservation at 790-810 ℃ for 2-6h, cooling to below 600 ℃ with 10—30℃/h, and then furnace out for air cooling.

(3) Turning processing: Turning processing is the semi-finished processing of bearing rings, which can also be said to be molding processing.

The main purpose of turning processing is: (a) to make the shape of the processed ring exactly the same as the final product. (b) Create favorable conditions for the subsequent grinding process. Turning method: centralized process method: all turning processes for small batch production is completed on one device. Decentralized process method: complete a large-scale production of a certain turning process on one device.

(4) Heat treatment: Heat treatment is a key processing procedure to improve the inherent quality of bearings. The main purpose of heat treatment is: (a) transform the material structure through heat treatment and improve the mechanical properties of the material. (b) Improve the intrinsic quality of bearings (wear resistance, strength and toughness), thereby increasing bearing life. For high carbon chromium bearing steel Gcr15SiMn, heat treatment includes quenching and low temperature tempering and quenching; heating temperature: 820-840 (℃); holding time: 1-2h; cooling medium: oil; low temperature tempering: heating temperature: 150-180 (℃); holding time: 2-5h; cooling method: air cooling.

(5) Grinding processing: Grinding processing is the final processing in the processing of bearing rings and rollers, which is called finished product processing. The main purpose of grinding is: (a) To make the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the ring meet the design requirements. (b) Provide qualified rings for bearing assembly. Grinding processing method: Generally, the distributed process method is used for processing, and multiple devices can also be connected through the loading and unloading devices to form a production line for processing to improve production efficiency.

(6) Bearing assembly: Bearing assembly is the final process in the bearing production process and has an important impact on bearing performance. The main purpose of bearing assembly is to: (a) Assemble parts (outer ring, inner ring, rollers and cage) processed by various processes into bearing products. (b) According to different technical requirements, it is assembled into bearing products with various precision, various clearances and other special requirements.